2015年7月12日托福考试（口语、听力、写作）解析

下面是毕达留学为大家整理的北美研发中心张卓敏老师关于2015年7月12日托福考试的解析，包括口语、听力、独立写作三个方面，希望对大家备考有帮助。

托福口语解析

Task 1
Some trains now have quiet cars where passengers are not allowed to speak loudly and use cell phones, laptops or other mobile devices that produce sound. Do you think this is a good idea? Explain why or why not.

Sample
I think it’s a good idea to forbid people to use mobile devices that produce sounds in cars on the train. First of all, it’s annoying when you appreciate the beautiful scenery out of window while others are chatting around.
I like go travelling, each time I sit alone and watch outside the window, I’d like to seek a quite place even if there’s no seats because I don’t want to be disturbed. Second, during the journey, it’s stressful if you cannot rest well when you’re surrounded by noise.
For businessmen, they need to get enough sleep to be energetic the next day and for regular travellers, they need energy to walk to different places within a day. So getting rid of noise on the train is definitely a great idea.


Task 2
When students have questions about an assignment for class, some prefer to ask the professor for help. Others prefer to ask other students in the class for help understanding the assignment. Which do you prefer? Explain why?

Sample
Professor is the best resource for helping me out. Usually, when I’m struggling with something, chances are that most of my friends are just feeling the same way. But professor with varied and useful background can easily solve my problems, no matter I’m wondering why my experiment did not turn out right or confused by the description of Russia revolution from my textbook. Second, it’s much easier to seek help from Professors because they hold office hours.
Say, you do have friends who excel at everything and are able to give you the best answer of your problem, but what if they are so preoccupied by their own schedules such as final exams, jobs, families, social events and stuff? Fortunately, regular office hours allow us to easily approach professors so that we can work out our difficulty just in time.

Task 3
The school plans to cancel tutorial lessons for engineering freshman. The girl disagrees with it. First of all, no volunteer is just an excuse. We could let Phd. candidate to play that role. The have first-hand experience. They can help students to choose textbooks to work out given assignments.

Task 4
Grade fall effect
Two groups of people watch video clips, in which the same people answer the same questions. Later on, two groups of people are asked to answer the questions in the video clips. The first group of viewers answered them all correctly, the second group of viewers answered the questions with minor mistakes. The results show that the second group of viewer is much happier about the results.

Task 5
The girl’s problem is that she wouldn’t be able to finish her paper because her professor is not here, but she still needs some help. The first solution is state short facts, but other students have been working hard. The second solution is to work with another professor, but other students have done it for a long time, she might be short of time to go through it.

Task 6
The professor talks about how birds in the desert cool themselves down. The first way is to lift their feathers to let the air flow. The second way is blood circulate to where there’s no feather to cool down.

托福听力解析

【对话1】办公室

一个女生和她的历史课教授谈论作业内容，她说她其实更对美术历史感兴趣，她最近去了一个展览，说她找了一个对美国风格有研究的艺术作家，对她很感兴趣，然后教授说我是想让你做更多有关历史的，你有点分不清主次了

解析：办公室场景的对话相对来说会比较难，因为对话会出现学术内容，在对话之中注意区分每一个学术专有名词。

【讲座1】地质学

撒哈拉沙漠的凹陷地带有很多尘土，这些灰尘甚至会飘到亚马逊森林，造成严重的影响。后来科研人员在撒哈拉沙漠仔细勘查了发现飘到亚马逊的并非尘土。

解析：地质学的文章难度一般较高，本篇之中，在听的过程中首先明确假说的内容，接下来教授在分析的过程之中提到的假说问题。

【讲座2】人类学

文章讲解对人类社会的四种分类，分别为：采集狩猎、饲养牲畜、种植庄稼、有计划地养殖和种植。但是这四种分类都有问题。
解析：并列结构的文章相对而言难度中等，类似文章可以参考TPO22Lecture1 Human States. 关键词：hunting & gathering、agriculture、domesticating

【对话2】学生服务

女生来的原因是她在网上找不到她想加入的environmental club，工作人员说以前有这个club，现在木有了，建议女生加入community service club，说他们也会有关于保护环境的活动。

女生就很不情愿，因为community service club做的活动她都不感兴趣，举例tutoring. 工作人员就说那你可以自己建一个嘛，女生说我是first-year student，工作人员说新生也可以建啊。接着讲了几个requirement。

包括4个以上的成员，一个对社团活动的目的的概括，还要找一个老师当社团的advisor。学生说我要自己出钱吗，工作人员说其实大学会给你社团活动经费的，但你需要写一个proposal说明你要用经费做什么，就是预算，这个时候advisor就非常必要了

解析：学生服务场景一般情况下会相对简单，但是语速会偏快。这一篇学生服务场景讲到社团的建立相关内容，部分相似的内容可参照TPO30 Conversation1。对话中会常考细节，所以若听到并列的信息，一定要记录。

【讲座3】海洋生态学

关于海底声音染，会影响海洋动物交流，捕食，繁殖等。船上带着的一种bubble是造成这个的原因，然后说了解决方法。

解析：生物学的文章一般是大家的拿分题，生物学中的动物行为相关内容一直是ETS的心头好，相关的TPO大家可以练习一下。

【讲座4】艺术

在studio art课上，老师做了关于Plein air这种绘画技术的简介。Plein air源于法语，意思是open air，主要描绘自然的景观，着重于捕捉光在不同时间短在风景中的变化，强调对自然细致入微，逼真的描写。

为什么这种描绘手法突然流行了呢?首先源于两种技术的进步。第一是在法国发明了一种新的画架，非常便于携带，之前画家只能在外面做简单的sketch然后带回画室画画，所以画架让画家在外面作画所以能画的非常逼真。第二个技术进步是关于颜料，原来画家用的都是粉状的pigment，就是色素，要自己用油调成颜料非常麻烦，现在现成的颜料搁在罐子里非常便于携带，使在外作画成为可能。

第二个促进plein air的条件是一种法国艺术风格—French impressionism。 French impressionism同样强调对自然的刻画，接着教授以著名印象主义画家Claude Monet举例。莫奈会带着自己多幅纸去外面作画，这样在一天的不同时间里，关注光在同一环境的变化

接着教授很激动的说，这就是为什么大家今天也会去外面作画! 教授说学生选择作画的场景不用非常的fancy，像park啊这种日常的地方都可以。重要的是对自然的细致描写，但是她的意思并不是什么都要画，例如garbage can，如果对主题没有帮助作用就不要画。并且学生一定要动作快，因为光线变化是很快的，如果在街边有人来聊天尽量不要理会，要学生记住学生不像莫奈，他们只有一张纸.

解析：艺术类的文章对于部分同学可能会比较头疼，不过这篇文章真的是业界良心，并列的文章结构加上最常见的艺术风格impressionism，对大家应该不成问题。

7月12日托福独立写作题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the statement: These days, children spend more time on doing homework or participating in organized activities related to school or sports. However, they should be given more time to do whatever they want.