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The Department of Computing continues to concentrate on high-quality research, which is fully in line with the university's strategic emphasis on applied research. We focus on multidisciplinary research by strengthening our efforts in developing selected research areas that will ultimately lead to international recognition and facilitate technology transfer. The Department of Computing has been committed to creating an environment that fosters quality research. Over the years, the Department has established a solid foundation that is built on our collective research strengths in important fundamental research as well as synergies gained from multidisciplinary collaboration. The Department has made significant progress and contributions in applied research solving a wide variety of applications. This has resulted in a quantum increase in the number of high quality publications, and in the amount of research and development grants received from government and industry supported bodies in Hong Kong and Mainland China. In one of the recent surveys published by the Association for Computing Machinery in the U.S.A., the Department was ranked first in Hong Kong, second in Asia, and 36th in the world for contributions in Software Engineering.

The Department of Computing focuses on five key research areas:

Graphics,multimedia and Virtual Reality

Our research strength in this area includes:

1.Computer graphics

2.Image processing

3.Image-based rendering

4.Multi-media information retrieval

5.Virtual reality and distributed graphics

Visual computing is currently one of the fastest growing areas in information technology. It is the successful combination of image-processing, computer vision, rendering and interactive 3D computer graphics that is pushing the technological envelope in digital hardware, telecommunications, software development, education, entertainment and the ultimate experience provided by immersive virtual environments.

The Graphics and Multimedia Applications (GAMA) research group in the Department of Computing at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University focuses on 3D computer graphics modeling, rendering, animation and multimedia applications. Investigations in basic and applied research are being done in image synthesis, distributed 3D graphics, multi-media information retrieval, and image processing. Topics of immediate interest are: physically-based illumination rendering, image-based rendering, visibility culling and distributed clustering of large 3D models, hierarchical modeling, dynamic object interactions, image and video content-based retrieval, cloth simulation and interactive animation, collision detection of rigid and deformable objects, motion capture, kinematic optimization and re-targeting, multi-body dynamics and character motion synthesis.

The GAMA laboratory is equipped with: a number of multi-core PC graphics workstations powered by the latest nVidia GeForce GPU. The primary purpose for the GAMA laboratory is to provide a research base for advanced interactive visual computing and multimedia applications for the next generation network environments.

Human Language Technology and Knowledge Discovery

Our research strength in this are includes:

1.Computational linguistics

2.Chinese computing

3.Information extraction and abstraction

4.Multi-media information retrieval

5.Natural language processing

6.Speech processing

7.Standardization

Research and development in the information processing of the Chinese language has contributed much to the economic activities in Hong Kong. As a bilingual society with a unique dialect, Hong Kong sees an enormous demand for language processing and system, which in turns benefits the daily lives and work of people in Hong Kong.

Closer economic and political ties between Hong Kong and China also have fuelled the increase in research related to Chinese language computing, whose results are to support the development of information technologies to meet future technical and managerial requirements.

Examples of these technical needs are abundant: the production of technical manuals in Chinese using machine translation software, telephone answering systems with speech recognition and synthesis capabilities, Chinese computer aided learning packages and English-Chinese bilingual information retrieval systems for Intranet and Internet applications, information extraction and abstraction, Cantonese speech processing and intelligent input systems. Chinese and bilingual natural language understanding is fundamental and essential in these technical areas.

Our research in Chinese computing also adds significant value to the design and implementation of software systems in Chinese and such large-alphabet languages as Japanese and Korean. We do so by further improving technical communications among programmers.

For many years, the Department has organized research in this area in the Human Language Technology Lab, where some members have acquired regional and international recognition. The HKSAR Government, commercial companies and the media have consulted us regularly on Chinese computing related issues.

The laboratory, currently, conducts research work in three main areas. The first is Chinese natural language processing, using computational linguistics techniques. The second, information retrieval and information extraction, builds on the research results in natural language understanding. The third is Cantonese speech processing, including speech synthesis, text-to-speech conversion, phonetic-to-text conversion.

Mobile and Netword Computing

Our research strength in this area includes:

1.Communications and networking

2.Distributed systems

3.Electronic commerce

4.Internet computing

5.Mobile and pervasive computing

6.Mobile agents

7.Performance evaluation

8.Web mining

9.Wireless networks (including wireless ad hoc and sensor networks)

Computing networks, local or global, wired or wireless, provide the underlying infrastructure for such applications as teleconferencing, video-on-demand, e-commerce, m-commerce, distributed computing, and on-line distance education.

They mediate every aspect of modern life. The Internet, in particular, provides an inexpensive, information-rich, multimedia network that interconnects many millions of users from all over the world. Most recently, the proliferation of wireless networks and advanced computing technologies has led to the evolution of mobile ad pervasive computing with an unprecedented speed, thereby injecting new research and application elements to mobile and network computing, bringing life to such research arena as smart space, embedded computing, sensor networks, as well as M-commerce and L-commerce applications.

Networking research at the Department of Computing of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University is focused on the design and analysis of architectures, protocols and distributed algorithms for network communications and computing, addressing such issues as performance, scalability, reliability, security, quality of service, and interoperability. Middleware and application development are also important part of the Department's research in networking and computing.

The Department's efforts in Internet Computing subsumes the investigation into the following topics: E-commerce, peer-to-peer computing, on-line learning and teaching, pervasive computing, XML technology, web mining, distributed object computing and middleware, digital libraries and cluster computing.

Mobile Computing research in the Department consider research issues after taking into account of the wireless network, to provide ubiquitous computing environment, paying specific emphasis on the mobility of clients and location-specific applications. Specific areas under investigation include: wireless and mobile communication networks, pervasive and mobile computing middleware, sensor networks, mobile agents, M-commerce, and location-based services.

Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

Our research strength in this area includes:

1.Biometrics

2.Case-based reasoning systems

3.Chaos systems

4.Document analysis and recognition

5.Fuzzy systems

6.Genetic algorithms

7.Intelligent hybrid systems

8.Machine vision

9.Neural networks

10.Pattern recognition

11.Telerobotics operation

12.Traditional Chinese medicine informatics

Pattern recognition aims to classify or describe groups of measurements or observations. It is an important technology within the area of intelligent systems, often used in data preprocessing and decision making.

Pattern recognition is an innate ability that we all possess. As children we recognise the number of our classroom, using the inborn gift of number recognition. The ability of speech and character recognition allows us to understand what the teacher says in the class and writes on the chalkboard.

Interest in the research of pattern recognition applications has spawned in recent years. Popular areas include: data mining(identification of a 'pattern', i.e., a correlation, or an outlier in millions of multidimensional patterns), document classification(efficient search of text documents), financial forecasting, and biometrics (personal identification with physical or behavioral attributes).

Demand for automatic pattern recognition systems also surges, thanks to the popularity of larger databases and more stringent performance standard in speed, cost and accuracy. Recently, scientists have suggested (so-called) affective computing to give computers the ability to recognize and express emotions, to respond intelligently to human emotions and to develop models that explain the role of emotions in rational decision model.

The design of a pattern recognition system involves essentially the following aspects:

Data acquisition and preprocessing;

Data representation;

Decision making.

The specific problem domain dictates the choice of sensor, preprocessing technique, representation scheme, and the decision making model. There are also a number of overlaps between pattern recognition techniques and such areas as adaptive systems and signal processing, artificial intelligence, O neural modeling, optimization/estimation theory, fuzzy sets, structural modeling, and formal languages.

Examples of pattern recognitions applications include: biometrics, computer vision, seismic analysis, character (letter or number) recognition, medical diagnosis.

Software Engineering and Systems

Our research strength in this area includes:

1.Component-based systems

2.Multi-site software development

3.Process and quality improvements

4.Software metrics

5.Game development

6.Testing of mobile applications

7.Usability testing

With the recent surge of interest in Internet applications and e-commerce, the demand for software has never been greater. Due to the shortage in supply of software professionals, the technology used for software development must be improved to keep up with society's need. Our Department has four academic staff actively contributing to the area of software engineering. We established the Laboratory for Software Development and Management in 2000 with the following objectives:

Develop and identify advanced technology that can be used to develop high quality software faster

Prototype novel tools to support software development

Work with the local industry to identify projects that are relevant to their needs

Foster greater cooperation with overseas institutions such as the Software Engineering Institute, and the Institute of Software of the Chinese Academy of Science

Our staff provides many consultancy services to the local IT industry, such as ISO 9001 and CMM (Capability Maturity Model) and CMMI improvement, testing techniques and tools, quality assurance support, and technology transfer. Our clients include leading organizations such as the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority (MPFA), the Hong Kong Productivity Council (HKPC), MTR, OGCIO, VTech, PCCW, HIT, Social Welfare Department, Civil Service Training and Development Institute and the Intellectual Property Department.